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Ephi Lu
CNP Contributor

Ephi Lu

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Afferent vagus nerve

Afferent vagus nerve are the sensory neurons that carry information from various parts of the body organs (such as the gut) and transmit it…

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Appetite Regulation

Appetite regulation is a complex feedback system between the hypothalamus, peripheral organs, and physiological, psychological, and environmental variables controlling energy balance, hunger, and satiety.

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Antioxidants

Antioxidants are substances that protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules generated during normal metabolic processes. They neutralize free…

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)

Antimicrobial peptides are small, naturally occurring peptides produced by immune cells and epithelial cells to inhibit or ward off pathogens (harmful invading microorganisms) such…

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Antigens

Antigens are molecules or molecular structures, often found on the surface of pathogens, that trigger an immune response. They stimulate the production of antibodies…

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